Beyond the game Social interaction, motivation, and well-being in 3x3 basketball
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This study examined the social, psychological, and recreational motives underlying participation in 3x3 basketball, a rapidly growing urban sport that combines physical activity with informal social interaction. A total of 305 athletes aged 12–60 years competing in officially organized 3x3 basketball tournaments in Greece completed validated instruments assessing recreational experiences and participation motives. The findings revealed that social interaction constituted the primary motive for participation, with strong emphasis on being with friends, team affiliation, and opportunities for forming new social connections. Participation was also closely associated with escape from daily routines and social pressures, contributing to psychological restoration, emotional balance, and perceived well-being. Achievement-related motives were mainly linked to social recognition and affirmation of personal competence, highlighting the importance of intrinsic motivation. High levels of enthusiasm, enjoyment, and creativity reflected the fast-paced, flexible, and expressive nature of the 3x3 format. Exercise-related motives emphasized physical fitness, positive feelings following activity, and health maintenance. Overall, the results highlight the multidimensional recreational value of 3x3 basketball as an accessible sport that promotes social connectedness, psychological well-being, and sustained engagement in physical activity, with important implications for community-based recreational sport programs and quality-of-life enhancement.
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